1. What methods do you know for assessing temperature?
2. How does a thermocouple work?
3. How does the resistance of thermistors/platinum resistance wires change with temperature?
4. You are shown photographs of a mercury thermometer, nasopharyngeal probe and a tympanic thermometer.
– What physical principles do these instruments work on?
– What is above the column of mercury?
– Why does the mercury column not expand linearly with temperature?
– How is this compensated for in the thermometer?
– Over what temperature range can the mercury thermometer operate?
5. What instrument is used for measuring lower temperatures?
6. What are the ways in which heat is lost in the operating theatre?
7. What is the molecular explanation for the latent heat of evaporation?
8. How does radiation differ in its physical basis from convection or conduction?
9. How can heat loss be reduced in the operating theatre?
10. What other reasons are there for maintaining a reasonably high humidity in the operating theatre?
11. You are shown a picture of an Ambu-bag.
– What is the maximum FiO2 with this bag on air?
– What is the maximum FiO2 with high-flow oxygen into a reservoir bag?
– What sort of valve is found at the patient end of the Ambu-bag?
– How many leaflets does this valve have?
– How would you classify these valves? (High or low resistance?)
ArticleDate:20040914
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